A predatory or vanity conference could have the following characteristics:
1. Event is organized by a for-profit entity, rather than a credible scholarly or scientific society or association.
2. Conferences that combine a number of fields topics or disciplines into a single conference. Be particularly wary of alleged conferences that combine multiple, unrelated topics into a single event.
3. The conference uses a free e-mail address, such as a Gmail address.
4. The organizers spam prospective attendees to submit proposals and register. Often, these spam e-mails contain hyperbolic language about how prestigious the conference is.
5. Information about who is organizing the conference is either unclear or nonexistent; or the organizer is not well known or reputable.
6. Acceptances are promised with a very short turnaround time (often less than four weeks).
7. The conference is marketed as a holiday in a desirable location. The event is held at a resort or a popular tourist destination and marketed as a holiday, rather than an academic or scientific event.
8. The conference name bears a striking resemblance to that of a credible or highly prestigious conference, but has subtle minor differences in its name.
9. Organizers guarantee your contribution will be published as an article in the journal associated with the conference. Like the conference, the journal is also predatory and the organizers may later insist on additional article processing charges to publish your article.
10. The conference websites are unstable. They may change URLs or have no record of conferences in previous years.
11. The website text contains poor grammar or numerous spelling errors.
12. Conference fees seem quite high, compared to those run by non-profit
Adapted from Sarah Elaine Eaton, University of Calgary
Selection
Organizers and Sponsors
Agenda & Editorial Committee
Conference Proceedings
Adapted from Queen's University Library