Research Articles
A research article is a primary source...that is, it reports the methods and results of an original study performed by the authors. The kind of study may vary (it could have been an experiment, survey, interview, etc.), but in all cases, raw data have been collected and analyzed by the authors, and conclusions drawn from the results of that analysis.
Review Articles
A review article is a secondary source...it is written about other articles, and does not report original research of its own. Review articles are very important, as they draw upon the articles that they review to suggest new research directions, to strengthen support for existing theories and/or identify patterns among existing research studies. For student researchers, review articles provide a great overview of the existing literature on a topic. If you find a literature review that fits your topic, take a look at its references/works cited list for leads on other relevant articles and books!
For Engineering fields, trade journals/magazines can be as important as scholarly articles-- but only scholarly journals are peer-reviewed.
Scholarly Journal |
Trade Journal/Magazine |
News |
Conference Proceedings |
|
---|---|---|---|---|
Purpose | To inform and report on original research or experimentation | To provide news and updates to people in a particular industry or profession | To provide general information to a lay audience | To document new concepts and techniques, work in progress presented at a conference |
Peer-reviewed? | Some journals are | Never | Never | Some article proposals are |
Cited Sources | Has substantial bibliographies | Occasionally include brief bibliographies | Rarely include bibliographies | Has substantial bibliographies |
Authors | Scholars or researchers in the field, specialty | Practitioners and educators within the industry or profession |
News reporters or free-lance writers |
Scholars or researchers in the field, specialty |
Appearance |
Articles are lengthy and structured into sections: abstracts, lit. review, method, architecture, results, conclusions, bibliography Contains graphs, charts, photographs supporting the research |
Photographs and illustrations used to support the article but also for aesthetic purposes to draw in readers Articles are usually brief and do not follow a certain format |
Photographs and illustrations used to support the article but also for aesthetic purposes to draw in readers Articles are usually brief and do not follow a certain format |
Articles are lengthy and structured into sections: abstracts, lit. review, method, architecture, results, conclusions, bibliography Contains graphs, charts, photographs supporting the research |
Characteristics of Peer-reviewed Articles
How to verify an article is peer-reviewed
To verify whether an article is peer-reviewed, you need to check whether the journal in which the article is published is peer-reviewed. There are two ways:
1. Long Way — Search for the journal title on Google; go to the journal's website and search (Ctrl + F on Windows; Cmd + F on Mac) for the words peer review. Look on the website for information about the editorial policy, submission process or requirements for author’s submission. This section of the website will often give insight into whether or not the journal has a peer-review process.
2. Preferred Way — Go to Ulrich's Periodicals Directory and search for the journal title. See page: Verifying peer-reviewed